[ China Instrument Network Instrumentation New Products ] Recently, it was learned from the University of Science and Technology of China that the academician Guo Guangcan’s team has made important progress in the research of non-reciprocal photonic devices. The team's Dong Chunhua research team for the first time used the non-reciprocal nature of the cavity light in the whispering gallery mode microcavity to implement an all-optically controlled non-reciprocal multifunction photonic device, and for the first time realized an integrated optical directional amplifier. The results were published online on May 4 in the international authoritative journal Nature Communications. 
Cavity photodynamics based circulator and directional amplifier schematic
Light has bidirectional transmission reciprocity in common media, and breaking this reciprocity, that is, achieving non-reciprocity in the direction of light transmission, is of great significance in classical and quantum information processing. Optical circulators, isolators, directional amplifiers, etc. are typical non-reciprocal devices. The optical circulator allows light to be transmitted in a “ring†manner, which can be used for light source protection and precise measurement. This function can also realize bidirectional processing of signals in classical or quantum computing or communication, which is beneficial to increase channel capacity and reduce power consumption. Directional amplifiers have also been demonstrated to be significant in quantum computation based on superconducting loops.
The most common optical non-reciprocal devices mainly use the Faraday effect of magneto-optic crystals, but they face challenges in device integration. Difficulties include the mismatch between magneto-optical materials and traditional semiconductor materials, and the need to enhance the magnetic field in the optical frequency range. Magneto-optical materials have a very high transmission loss. Therefore, all-optically controlled on-chip optical circulators, isolators, and directional amplifiers have always been the focus of research.
The research team verified the non-reciprocal characteristics of the cavity light in the whispering gallery mode microcavity in the previous experiments, and realized a versatile photonic device including narrow-band filtering using a system combining a single optical microcavity and dual waveguides. A four-port optical circulator and directional amplifier with non-reciprocal function, and these functional modes can be switched arbitrarily by changing the control light. The device is simple in structure and universal in principle. It can even realize optical circulators with single-photon level, and can be extended to any photodynamic system with traveling wave mode, including microwave superconducting devices and integrated acoustic devices.
(Original title: China University of Science and Technology for the first time integrated optical directional amplifier)
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