90 Degree Elbow Properties and Uses

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90 Degree Elbow Properties and Uses

Let's delve into the properties and applications of 90 Degree Elbows. Understanding these elements will ensure that your products and projects run smoothly and efficiently.

Table of Contents

  • Properties and Uses of 90 Degree Elbow
  • 90 Degree Elbow Specifications
  • SS 90 Degree Elbow Dimensions and Size Chart
  • Aluminum 90 Degree Elbow Weight Chart
  • 90 Deg Elbow Materials
  • Stainless Steel 90 Degree Elbow Pressure Rating
  • Copper 90 Degree Elbow Dimensional Tolerance
  • 90 Degree Elbow Angularity Tolerances
  • 4 inch 90 degree elbow Chemical and Mechanical Properties
  • Types of 90° Elbows
  • SS 90 Deg Elbows Size Chart
  • Advantages of 90 Degree Elbow

Properties and Uses of 90 Degree Elbow

90 Degree Elbow

Properties:

  • 90-degree bend
  • Redirects flow at a right angle
  • Available in various sizes
  • Matches different pipe diameters and flow rates
  • Pressure ratings depend on material and design
  • End types: threaded, welded, or flanged
  • Radius: long radius, short radius

Applications:

Change the direction of a pipeline

Manage the flow of liquids and gases

  • Oil and gas refineries
  • Chemical plants
  • Plumbing
  • Power plants
  • HVAC systems
90 Degree Elbow Uses

90 Deg Elbows Are Manufactured According to ASME B16.9 Standards

The ASME B16.9 standard has been developed by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. It applies to industrial buttweld fittings and covers pressure ratings, size, material, marking, dimensions, surface finishes, final preparation, fabrication testing, and tolerances.

90 Degree Elbow Specifications

90 Degree Elbow Size Range
  • 1/2" to 48"
Standards
  • ASTM A234
  • MSS SP-75
  • ASTM A403
Manufacturing Standards
  • ASME B16.9
  • DIN2615
  • JIS B2312
Stainless Steel 90 Degree Elbow Thickness
  • SCH 10
  • SCH 40
  • SCH 80
4 Inch 90 Degree Elbow Coating
  • Black Painted
  • Epoxy Coated
  • Galvanized
  • Varnished
Aluminum 90 Degree Elbow Type
  • Welded
  • Seamless
  • Fabricated
Copper 90 Degree Elbow Radius
  • 1 D
  • 2D
  • 3 D
  • 5D
  • 6D
  • 8 D
  • 10D

Explore the Sizes and Dimensions of Stainless Steel 90 Degree Elbows

These elbows are manufactured in several grades of stainless steel, primarily 304 and 316 SS. They offer excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, durability, aesthetic appeal, and require minimal maintenance.

Here are the sizes and dimensions of SS 90 degree elbows.

SS 90 Degree Elbow Dimensions and Size Chart

SS 90 Degree Elbow

inch D 1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 3 1/2 4 5
ND 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125
mm 21,34 26,67 33,40 42,16 48,26 60,32 73,02 88,90 101,60 114,30 141,30
Center to center O 76,20 57,15 76,20 95,25 114,30 152,40 190,50 228,60 266,70 304,80 381,00
Radius A 38,10 28,57 38,10 47,60 57,15 76,20 95,25 114,30 133,35 152,40 190,50
Back to face K 47,62 42,86 55,56 69,85 82,55 106,40 131,80 158,75 184,15 209,55 261,90
Center to end B 15,87 11,11 22,22 25,40 28,57 34,92 44,45 50,80 57,15 63,50 79,38
inch 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 28
ND 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 700
mm 168,27 219,07 273,05 323,85 355,60 406,40 457,20 508,00 558,80 609,60 711,20
Center to center 457,20 609,60 762,00 914,40 1066,80 1219,20 1371,60 1524,00 1676,40 1828,80 2133,60
Radius 228,60 304,80 381,00 457,20 533,40 609,60 685,80 762,00 838,20 914,40 1066,80
Back to face 312,70 414,30 517,50 619,10 711,20 812,80 914,40 1016,00 1117,60 1219,20 1422,40
Center to end 95,25 127,00 158,75 190,50 222,25 254,00 285,74 317,50 342,90 381,00 441,90

Check the Standards and Weight Chart for Copper 90 Degree Elbows

Copper 90 degree elbows are versatile plumbing components used across various piping and plumbing applications. These elbows offer a 90-degree bend with a long radius, ensuring smooth and continuous changes in copper pipe installations.

The inherent properties of copper provide excellent corrosion resistance to the fitting, ensuring smooth water flow with minimal blockages caused by rust. This makes it a safe choice for water distribution systems.

Aluminum 90 Degree Elbow Weight Chart

NPS (inch)     01/2 03/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 3 4 5
LR 90 Deg Elbow Sch. 5S 0.05 0.06 0.09 0.13 0.18 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.4 2.9
Sch. 10S 0.06 0.07 0.15 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.85 1.3 2 3.6
Sch. 40S 0.08 0.09 0.18 0.25 0.4 0.7 1.35 2 4 6.5
Sch. 80S 0.1 0.11 0.2 0.35 0.5 0.9 1.8 2.9 5.9 9.7
SR 90 Deg Elbow Sch. 5S 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.9 1.95
Sch. 10S 0.04 0.05 0.1 0.13 0.2 0.33 0.6 0.9 1.35 2.4
Sch. 40S 0.05 0.06 0.12 0.17 0.27 0.47 0.9 1.35 2.65 4.35
Sch. 80S 0.07 0.07 0.13 0.12 0.33 0.6 1.2 1.9 3.9 6.5
NPS (inch)     6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 24
LR 90 Deg Elbow Sch. 5S 4 7.4 13.6 23.4 29 41.3 51.8 73 122
Sch. 10S 5 10 16.8 27 35 47 59 85 140
Sch. 40S 10.5 21.5 38.5 59 70 95 120 146 210
Sch. 80S 16 33.5 52.5 79 94 125 158 194 282
SR 90 Deg Elbow Sch. 5S 2.7 4.9 9.1 15.6 19.3 27.5 34.5 49 82
Sch. 10S 3.35 6.7 11.2 18 23.5 31.5 39.5 57 94
Sch. 40S 7 14.5 25.6 39.5 47 63.5 80 98 140
Sch. 80S 10.5 22.5 35 53 63 84 105 129 188
90 Degree Pipe Elbows are Available in Various Materials Such as Stainless Steel, Carbon Steel, and Nickel Alloys

Selecting the right material for 90 degree pipe elbows is crucial since using the wrong material can lead to issues. Using an unsuitable material may cause erosion problems that could affect the application.

90 Deg Elbow Materials

Material Grades Characteristics
Stainless Steel 90 Deg Elbow
  • 316/316L
  • ASTM A270
  • ASTM A403 WP 304/304L
  • Higher strength
  • Superior corrosion resistance
Carbon Steel 90 Degree Elbow
  • ASTM A420 WPL6
  • MSS-SP-75 WPHY 46
  • MSS-SP-75 WPHY 42
  • MSS-SP-75 WPHY 52, 56, 60, 65, and 70
  • High strength
  • High hardness
  • Lower plasticity
Alloy Steel
  • ASTM A234 WP1
  • WP5
  • WP9
  • WP11
  • WP22
  • WP91
  • High temperature resistance
Duplex / Super Duplex
  • A815 UNS S31803
  • UNS S32750
  • UNS S32760
  • Resistance to stress corrosion
  • Excellent impact toughness
Nickel Alloy
  • UNS 8020
  • UNS 8825
  • UNS 10276
  • UNS 2201
  • UNS 6601
  • ASME SB 336 UNS 2200
  • UNS 4400
  • UNS 6600
  • UNS 6625
  • High creep strength
  • Low vapor
  • Non-magnetic
View the Pressure Rating and Tolerance Chart for ASME B16.9 90 Deg Elbow

Choosing the appropriate pressure rating and tolerance ensures that the system operates safely without leaks or damage. Below is a pressure rating and tolerance chart for two different materials, which will help prevent failures.

Stainless Steel 90 Degree Elbow Pressure Rating

Temperature Ratings (oF) -20 to 150 500 250 200 300 400 350 450 550
(oC) -29 to 66 260 121 93 149 204 177 232 288
Pressure Class 150 300 – 225 265 185 – 150 – –
300 1/4 – 1 inch. 2000 510 1575 1785 1360 935 1150 725 300
1 1/4 – 2 inch. 1500 450 1200 1350 1050 750 900 600 300
2 1/2 – 3 inch. 1000 385 825 910 735 560 650 475 300

Copper 90 Degree Elbow Dimensional Tolerance

Nominal Pipe Size OD at Bevel (D) ID at End Center to End LR (A/B) Center to End 3D (A/B) Nominal Pipe Size OD at Bevel (D) ID at End Center to End LR (A/B) Center to End 3D (A/B) Wall Thickness (t)
1/2 to 2.1/2 1.6 -0.8 0.8 2 3 10 to 18 4 -3.2 3.2 2 3 Not less than 87.5% of Nominal Wall Thickness
3 to 3.1/2 1.6 1.6 2 3 20 to 24 6.4 -4.8 4.8 2 3
4 1.6 1.6 2 3 26 to 30 6.4 -4.8 6.4 -4.8 3 6
5 to 8 2.4 -1.6 1.6 2 3 32 to 48 6.4 -4.8 6.4 -4.8 5 6

90 Degree Elbow Angularity Tolerances

ND 1/2 to 4 5 to 8 10 to 12 14 to 16 18 to 24 26 to 30 32 to 42 44 to 48
Max off plane P 2 4 5 7 10 10 13 20
Max off angle Q 1 2 3 3 4 5 5 5

4 Inch 90 Degree Elbow Chemical and Mechanical Properties

Materials Chemical Properties Mechanical Properties
Stainless Steel
  • Excellent corrosion resistance
  • Suitable for acidic and alkaline environments
  • High tensile strength (SS 304: 70-90 MPa)
  • High ductility and impact resistance
  • Operating temperature: up to 870°C
Carbon Steel
  • Rust and corrosion prone if improperly coated
  • Strong chemical resistance, though not as strong as stainless steel
  • Unsuitable for extremely acidic or alkaline conditions without protective coatings
  • Moderate tensile strength (250 – 600 MPa)
  • Operating temperature: up to 500°C
PVC
  • Excellent resistance to many acids, alkalis, and salts
  • Poor resistance to organic solvents
  • Lightweight and resistant to moisture
  • Tensile strength: 40-60 MPa
  • Operating temperature: 60-70°C
CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride)
  • Better resistance to high temperatures and chemicals compared to PVC
  • Good impact resistance
  • Maximum operating temperature: 90-100°C

Types of 90° Elbows

90 Degree Short Radius Elbow

Short Radius 90 Degree Elbows (SR)

  • Center-to-face dimension
  • 1.0 X diameter

  • Moulds

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