Liu Bingjiang, director of the Department of Atmospheric Environment Management of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, recently informed the media that the Ministry of Environmental Protection recently released the 2016 Annual Report on China's Motor Vehicle Environmental Management (hereinafter referred to as the “Annual Reportâ€), which announced the 2015 national environmental management of motor vehicles.
The annual report shows that China has become the world's largest producer and seller of motor vehicles for seven years in a row. Motor vehicle pollution has become an important source of air pollution in China and is an important cause of haze and photochemical smog pollution. The urgency of pollution prevention and control of motor vehicles has become increasingly prominent. .
Liu Bingjiang introduced that according to the annual report, the number of motor vehicles in China continued to grow.
In 2015, the number of motor vehicles in the country reached 279 million vehicles. Motor vehicles included in this year's report include only cars (micro-passenger cars, minibuses, medium-sized passenger cars, large passenger cars, minivans, light trucks, medium-sized goods vehicles, and heavy goods vehicles), and low-speed vehicles. Vehicles, motorcycles, tractors without trailers, tractors, etc., totaling 260 million vehicles. Among them, cars accounted for 62.2%, low-speed cars accounted for 3.7%, and motorcycles accounted for 34.1%.
Car ownership is dominant, and its composition is classified by model, with passenger cars accounting for 87.2%, and trucks accounting for 12.8%. By fuel, gasoline vehicles account for 86.2%, diesel vehicles account for 12.6%, and gas vehicles account for 1.2%; according to emission standards, The pre-national I standard car accounted for 1.6%, the national I standard car accounted for 6.9%, the national II standard car accounted for 8.0%, the national III standard car accounted for 51.6%, the national IV standard car accounted for 30.5%, the national V and above The standard car accounts for 1.4%.
The monitoring shows that with the rapid increase in the number of motor vehicles, some cities in China have begun to show the characteristics of combined pollution of soot and motor vehicle exhaust, which directly affect the health of the people.
The results of the source resolution analysis of atmospheric fine particles (PM2.5) in 9 cities including Beijing, Tianjin, and Shanghai showed that the contribution of the mobile source to the concentration of fine particles in the local emission source ranged from 15% to 52.1%.
In 2015, the preliminary accounting for pollutants emitted by motor vehicles in the country was 45,322,000 tons, which was 0.3% less than in 2014, including 5.489 million tons of nitrogen oxides (NOx), 4.302 million tons of hydrocarbons (HC), and 34.611 million carbon monoxide (CO). Tons, particulate matter (PM) 560 thousand tons.
Automobiles are the main contributors to the total amount of pollutants emitted by motor vehicles. They emit more than 90% of NOx and PM, and more than 80% of HC and CO.
Classified by models, NOx and PM emissions from trucks across the country are significantly higher than passenger cars, of which heavy trucks are the main contributors, while CO and HC emissions from passenger cars are significantly higher than trucks.
According to the fuel classification, the NOx emissions from diesel vehicles across the country are close to 70% of the total vehicle emissions, and the PM is over 90%; while the CO and HC emissions from gasoline vehicles are higher, the CO is over 80% of the total vehicle emissions, and the HC exceeds 70%. .
According to the emission standards, the country's former standard cars, which account for 1.6% of the vehicle ownership, account for more than 30.0% of the total emissions of the four major pollutants; Its emissions are about 35.2% of total vehicle emissions.
In 2015, the number of motor vehicles in the country increased by 5.8% from 2014, but the amount of pollutants emitted was reduced by 0.3%.
The 2015 Government Work Report clearly stated that: to control motor vehicle exhaust gas, improve oil product standards and quality, provide comprehensive supply of national standard five-vehicle gasoline and diesel fuel to major cities in key regions, and all yellow label vehicles registered before the end of 2005 should be eliminated.
At the same time, on August 29, 2015, the 16th Session of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth National People's Congress passed the new revision of the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution and set higher requirements for the environmental management of motor vehicles.
In order to implement the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law and the requirements of government work reports, various regions and relevant departments have formulated working programs and supporting policies that are conducive to pollution prevention and emission reduction of motor vehicles, and strengthened coordination and coordination to regulate and use new vehicles. The environmental protection management of vehicles, the accelerated phase-out of “yellow-standard vehiclesâ€, the improvement of fuel for vehicles and the supply of urea for vehicles have taken comprehensive measures. The environmental management of motor vehicles has achieved certain results.
Liu Bingjiang stated that the Ministry of Environmental Protection will further intensify its work, earnestly implement the Law on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution, earnestly strengthen the entire process of environmental supervision and control of production, use, and elimination of motor vehicles, carry out special actions for counterfeiting of diesel vehicles, and, at the same time, Industry development planning, urban public transport, clean fuel supply and other aspects to take comprehensive measures to coordinate the promotion of "cars, oil, roads," the simultaneous development, and vigorously prevent motor vehicle exhaust emissions on the atmosphere and the health of the people.
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