China Water Conservancy 2003.9B The large-scale application of modern wind turbine technology began with the maturity and improvement of stall wind turbine technology. In the late 1970s, the three-blade, upwind, and fixed-pitch stall-regulated wind turbine models developed by Denmark emerged from many types of wind turbines and gradually developed into leading models. However, with the continuous increase of the single unit capacity of the wind turbine, the variable speed constant frequency pitch rectangular wind turbine gradually occupied a dominant position. In recent years, foreign countries have begun to develop direct-drive wind turbines. The generator sets use a multi-stage synchronous permanent magnet motor to directly connect the impellers to drive, thus eliminating the traditional components of the gearbox, plus many advantages. In the future, the wind turbine market has great potential for development.
In the middle of the year, China's wind power generation and its technology have long relied on imported wind turbines. The high equipment prices and long-distance international transportation have seriously affected the development of China's wind power industry. This reality contradicts the country's requirement to further reduce electricity prices. In addition, the inconvenience of imported equipment in China's climatic conditions and the lack of timely replacement of a large number of damaged components have hindered the healthy development of China's wind power industry. Therefore, the development of localized wind power generation equipment with Chinese characteristics is imminent.
The wind power industry has developed rapidly in the world for more than a decade. This aspect has prompted merchants to develop and develop new wind turbines to meet the needs of the wind power market in a variety of varieties. On the other hand, in the competition with traditional electric energy, economic factors are becoming more and more important, to some extent. It has become the primary factor. Therefore, an inevitable development trend is the large-scale single-machine capacity, which reduces the cost of equipment construction and reduces the supporting cost of wind power construction. In the past 10 years, the single-machine capacity of mainstream wind turbine equipment has great potential from the use of wind energy in China. However, China has a vast territory, geographical and climatic conditions vary widely, and the demand for wind turbines in the domestic market is diversified. Domestic 600kW units and 750kW units are difficult to meet the current wind power market, and it is urgent to develop new models to form a series of large wind turbines.
In recent years, foreign countries have begun to develop direct-drive wind turbines. This type of wind turbine uses a multi-stage synchronous permanent magnet motor to directly connect the impeller to drive, thus eliminating the traditional components of the gearbox. It has many advantages and has a lot of room for development in the future development of wind turbines.
By developing 1.2MW variable-speed constant-frequency direct-drive wind turbines, we can further improve the capability of China's independent development of wind turbines, improve the overall design capability and manufacturing level of large-scale wind turbines, and at the same time drive the development of related industries, including design. Development and technological advancement in related industries such as consulting, parts manufacturing, testing and certification, and professional services, creating new industries and employment opportunities, and helping some mechanical processing enterprises to get out of the woods.
The development of 1.2MW variable-speed constant-frequency direct-drive wind turbines is of great significance for China's large-scale development and utilization of wind energy and the development of the wind power industry. With the new economic environment in which China has joined the WTO, only by continuously introducing new products that meet market demand and actively participating in competition will it be possible to occupy a place in the international and domestic wind power market.
The development and application of large-scale wind turbine technology in China lags behind that of developed countries in Europe and America. During the “Eighth Five-Year Plan†and the Ninth Five-Year Plan period, China has included wind energy applications in national key scientific and technological projects, and organized a number of scientific research units to carry out research and achieved certain results. Currently, 200kW, 600kW and 750kW wind turbines have been successfully developed. And put into mass production. At the same time, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center and other units successfully developed wind turbine design and calculation software packages, and applied to the Ninth Five-Year Plan, which created conditions for further development of new models in China.
In the research and development of wind turbines, the development of the 600kW domestically produced wind turbines of the Ministry of Water Resources has been fully completed and entered the sales stage of the wind turbine market. More than 120 wind turbine generator sets have been produced and sold, and the localization rate is as high as 960. It is 150 or less lower than similar foreign products, and its domestic market share is over 500.
In recent years, the support unit has carried out a lot of work in terms of technical capacity building, basic conditions construction, technology development, product improvement and promotion of international wind power technology exchange, and has obtained a number of scientific research and engineering technology achievements with independent intellectual property rights. The development of domestic wind power industrialization and marketization has played a positive role in promoting.
While completing the scientific and technological research projects, domestic scientific research institutions have better realized the industrialization of scientific and technological achievements. Starting from the production of domestic wind turbines in 1997, the current localization rate of Goldwind S43/600 units has reached more than 900, and 139 contracts have been signed, with a contract value exceeding 350 million yuan, which has broken the import of products. The situation has occupied more than 500 domestic market shares.
At the same time, many domestic excellent enterprises actively develop and develop domestic wind turbine parts to improve and improve the performance of products. The five key components of the domestically produced wind turbines, such as blades, gearboxes, generators, yaw systems and electronic control systems, have been successful, laying a good foundation for the next step in the industrialization of wind turbines.
The electric control technology field of wind turbines, such as the Institute of Electrical Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xinjiang University, and Goldwind Technology Co., Ltd., have achieved successful experience in the control of stall wind turbines. The electronic control system 4PC and PLC with independent intellectual property rights have been developed and developed. After the actual operation test, it has created favorable conditions for the development of larger capacity wind power control system in the future.
In the manufacture of key components of wind turbines, speed-increasing boxes and generators have also been successfully localized. In foreign countries, thousands of large wind turbine gearboxes generally have abnormal phenomena such as pitting and micropitting, which have become more serious problems. During the development of the 600kW wind turbine during the period of the Ninth Five-Year Plan, China has adopted various enhancement measures for the domestic gearbox and received good results. The direct-drive wind turbine used in this project does not have the high failure rate component of the gearbox. More secure and reliable.
The design and performance calculation of large wind turbine blades have mature methods and tools in China, and the technical strength is relatively strong. It can complete the aerodynamic shape and structural design of the blade, performance calculation, load calculation and aerodynamic stability calculation. However, the development of the blade, especially the capacity for mass production, needs to be improved, and an independent research project is needed to support it. Huiteng Company (transfer to the powerful 3D visualization analysis tool of China Water Conservancy 2003.9B on page 49, which goes beyond simple 3D display or establishes simple fly-through, and can record GPS in the field or in the air. The coordinates are used as the flight path and then back to the room for playback. It allows you to interact with the real geodetic coordinates and projections in a real virtual geographic information environment, both to enhance or query the pixel values ​​and related images of the images superimposed on the 3D surface. Attributes can also visualize, stylize, and query attribute information for map vector layers. It offers a variety of dynamic viewing capabilities that make up a true 3D landscape, not just 2.5D. Flood submergence assessment, visibility analysis between different stations, and line-of-sight analysis can also be performed. You can simulate the real situation by directly superimposing the 3D model by setting the fog concentration, the sun height, the water ripple, especially the range determined by the vector data of the point/line/area ArcCoverage, and let the 3D models in the landscape along the respective The route of the flight. It can query vector data and attributes and set image textures for vector data buildings to create a real virtual 3D real world efficiently and quickly. It can be widely used in military, telecommunications, digital cities, garden/landscape planning and design, forest planning and Fire prevention, mineral ore prospecting and three-dimensional mapping and other fields.
The system based on the expansion module OrthoBase module is used for area network image ortho-correction, rapid correction of dozens and hundreds of images, and improved production efficiency. The image can be aerial film, digital camera, camera, SPOT, IOONOS, puickbird image or Other formats are available, and it has many features compared to other similar products: the templating process, always reminding users to add missing operations. The convenient window management function allows the user to preview, browse, and enlarge the window, conveniently and quickly select control points, and conveniently perform correction image and image conversion. Provides 6 automatic connection point finding strategies that provide high-precision connection points. Provide SCBA and 4 AP models to reduce system error. Looking at the position of the control points and connection points in the image, you can view them in both graphics and images. The final output image format is rich. All features are combined with batch orthorectification. Save time and effort, suitable for large-scale data processing. Based on OrthoBASE, OrthoBASEPro adds the flexibility to automatically extract elevation information, and can output various DEM formats, such as TN, 3DShapefile, ASC text, etc., and precision inspection functions. StereoAnalyst is used to extract DEM and 2D/3D features. It is easy to use and can be used without photographic measurement experts. It can also extract 3D object models with image textures directly in Virtual GIS. Used in the 3D Visual Analysis module.
The sub-pixel classifier of the system's sub-pixel classifier ERDASIMAGINE system uses a unique algorithm to make the classification of the spectrum reach the sub-pixel level with the highest extractable pixel area of ​​20U or more. Although the technology is unique, its application is very convenient, and it is guided by the operation from beginning to end, which can achieve the desired result regardless of the proficiency of the application. Since the sub-pixel classification has a function of automatically performing atmospheric correction, the feature information of the substance of interest can be applied not only in the image from which the information is extracted but also to other images of different dates and positions. It is more advantageous for many applications to obtain training samples of sufficient material of interest that are not easy. The versatility of sub-pixel classification feature information makes it possible to develop a repository of information that is convenient for all user applications. Sub-pixel classification can perform routine observation, dynamic monitoring and water quality detection, and has great market potential in military and other application fields.
Radar Data Mapping Radar Image Due to its all-weather and unique image characteristics, remote sensing applications use more and more radar images and play a more and more important role. In response to this demand, ERDASMAGINE has developed a powerful radar image processing tool RadarMapping Suite. In addition to basic processing functions, Radar orthorectification, stereo SAR generation DEM, and interferometric SAR generation.
The leader unit: ESRI China Co., Ltd. Remote Sensing Division) is connected to page 45). The industrial production of the 600 kW blade of the national scientific and technological research results has promoted the process of domestic industrialization. Currently in large blade design. , in process manufacturing, testing, product after-sales service and other aspects have accumulated valuable experience.
Pneumatic augmentation and safety of wind turbines Tsinghua University has done a research work on the basis of international application, such as the analysis of aerodynamic stability of wind turbine blades and the research on synergistic life extension technology, invited to the European Union indEngineer-ing magazine Published a series of papers, and invited the author and published photos to introduce the work of the research group. Relevant departments and scholars from the United Kingdom, Australia, India, Cuba, Pakistan and other countries require exchanges and cooperation. The developed wind turbine aerodynamic analysis software was rated as 'better than its existing related commercial application software' by the US Department of Energy's National Laboratory for Renewable Energy (NREL). Recently, a new mechanism for aerodynamic efficiency of wind turbine blades and Significant progress has been made in the new theory of vibration and longevity.
According to the level of domestic manufacturing industry and the experience gained in the “Survey of the Ninth Five-Year Planâ€, enterprises with strength, high management level and product quality are selected, and the quality of domestically produced parts can be guaranteed.
In short, the existing domestic technical strengths and conditions have the ability to develop and develop variable speed constant frequency direct drive wind turbines. Further research is needed on the application of key technologies to improve research and product levels. For a few problems and parts that cannot be solved temporarily in China, we can continue to introduce technology or products from abroad in order to speed up the development and production of domestic wind turbines and achieve domestic and international technology integration. ! Author unit: Xinjiang Goldwind Technology Co., Ltd.) China Water Conservancy 2003.9B
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