Air conditioning and ventilation system configuration and airflow organization According to the number of air conditioning unit configurations and the specific structure of the vehicle, in order to solve the positional interference between the pantograph platform and the air conditioning unit installation and air duct air supply, the ultra-thin delivery of the vehicle was developed. Air return air conditioning unit under the wind.
The configuration of the air conditioning unit is based on the calculation result of the cooling load. Considering the volume of the air conditioning unit and the specifications of the compressor, two sets of overhead unit air conditioning units are selected for each vehicle. The cooling capacity of each unit is 35kW. Two air conditioning units are selected. The advantage is that compared with a large-capacity air-conditioning unit, there is a certain design redundancy. Under the condition that one air-conditioning unit fails, the other air-conditioning unit can continue to work, so that the passenger's comfort is guaranteed. Compared with the configuration scheme of the four small air conditioning units, the number of system components is less, the possibility of component failure and the workload of component maintenance are less.
The airflow organization air conditioning system of the air conditioning system must achieve reasonable design of airflow organization on the basis of meeting the installation conditions of the pantograph. The installation position of the unit is changed from the end installation to the middle of the roof. See the airflow system of the air conditioning system.
(1) Air supply. Under the action of the air conditioner unit blower, the fresh air is taken in from the fresh air outlet of the air conditioning unit, and the return air from the passenger compartment is mixed in front of the evaporator, cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator, and then sent to the passenger compartment through the air duct and the delivery grille.
(2) Fresh air. The fresh air is taken in by the air conditioning unit with its own fresh air outlet, and the new air outlet is provided with a waterproof filter device and an electric damper.
(3) Return to the wind. Part of the air in the passenger compartment enters the air conditioning unit through the return air inlet provided at the roof of the vehicle, and is mixed with the fresh air in front of the evaporator, cooled and dehumidified by the evaporator, and then sent to the passenger compartment under the action of the blower. An air volume adjustment mechanism is provided at the air return of the air conditioning unit for closing the air return port during emergency ventilation. The return air outlet of the passenger compartment is provided with a return air filter that is easy to maintain, and the return air outlet can be opened to clean and replace the return air filter.
(4) Exhaust air. In order to ensure the exhaust of the passenger compartment, the roof is provided with a natural ventilator. Under the operating conditions of the vehicle, the positive pressure generated by the air-conditioning air supply and the negative pressure formed by the roof of the vehicle are used to exhaust the air from the passenger compartment to achieve air exchange.
Air supply in the driver's cab According to the layout of the vehicle, the driver's cab does not have a separate air conditioning unit. The air treated by the air conditioner at the driver's cab is sent to the driver's cab through the air duct. The driver's cab is equipped with a blower that can manually adjust the air volume.
The air conditioning and ventilation system consists of the air conditioning unit of the passenger compartment. The shape and structure of the air conditioning unit are assembled in a stainless steel plate. The main body is divided into three parts: the evaporation chamber, the condensation chamber and the compressor chamber. Form a whole after the board. The cabinet and upper cover of the air conditioning unit are all made of SUS304 imported stainless steel. The air return port of the air conditioning unit is at the middle of the bottom of the front end of the unit, and the cold air outlet is one before and after the return air port, and the return air damper is installed at the return air outlet. The fresh air outlet is on the side of the unit, equipped with a fresh air filter and water retaining louvers, which can be used to disassemble the fresh air filter. A new air damper is installed at the fresh air outlet to adjust the fresh air volume. See the outline structure of the air conditioning unit.
The main components of the air conditioning unit and its main components of the air conditioning unit include 2 fully enclosed refrigeration compressors, 2 condensers, 2 capillary tubes, 2 evaporators, 2 electric heaters, 2 gas-liquid separators, and 2 dryers. There are 2 filters, 2 centrifugal fans, 2 axial fans, and so on.
They are installed in the evaporation chamber, the condensation chamber and the compressor chamber, respectively. The evaporation chamber is composed of an evaporator, an electric heater, a capillary tube, a centrifugal fan, a gas-liquid separator, a return air damper, a fresh air damper and the like. The condensation chamber is composed of a condenser, an axial fan and the like. The compressor chamber includes a horizontal scroll compressor, a check valve, a solenoid valve, and a pressure switch.
Refrigerant selection Tianjin Binhai air conditioning unit uses environmentally friendly refrigerant R407C, the main reasons are two points: First, the physical characteristics of R407C is closer to the non-environmental refrigerant R22 widely used in railway passenger car air conditioning units, so The main components of the refrigeration system can basically use the original mature products; the second is the scroll compressor suitable for R407C, which is superior to the screw compressor suitable for R134A in terms of weight, noise and energy consumption ratio. The air supply device of the air supply system of the air supply device mainly comprises a air supply duct and a delivery style grille. The air supply duct is an aluminum plate plus a heat insulating material static pressure air duct, and the style grille is made of an aluminum profile. For the arrangement of the air supply device and the sectional view of the delivery grille, see 5, 6.
The damper control air conditioning unit is equipped with electric dampers for fresh air and return air, and controls the opening and closing of fresh air and return air dampers according to different working conditions. When cooling, fresh air and return air are fully open. When heating, the fresh air is half open and the return air is fully open. During emergency ventilation, the fresh air is fully open and the return air is fully open.
The system protects the air conditioning unit from multiple protections through the control system. The main circuit and control circuit are provided with overload and short circuit protection. The ventilator and condensing fan are overload protected by a thermal relay. The compressor is protected by an overcurrent relay. Through the PLC conversion control, the two compressors in each unit work in equilibrium. Each air conditioning unit of the train, the compressor, the condensing fan and the blower of the air conditioning unit. The performance and working mode of the air conditioning system. The air conditioning system is equipped with centralized control and local vehicle control, which can realize various tasks such as cooling, heating, ventilation and stopping. mode.
Concluding remarks Tianjin Binhai is the first urban rail passenger car in China to adopt domestic air-conditioning units. It is also the first B-type urban rail passenger car that adopts the return air and air return type. It has fully met the comfort requirements through the operation test in recent years. , achieved satisfactory results.
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