Most shut-off valves use a T-shaped body that allows the valve to be mounted on a straight-through line. Logistics enters the center of the valve through the inlet (the spool is located here). Here the flow direction is changed by 90 ° and then through the valve seat, followed by a further 90 ° change out of the valve. The flow direction of the shut-off valve depends on the manufacturer or operating conditions, but in most cases the direction of flow is almost always below the valve plug. He will place a letter against the direction of flow, with constant resistance but enough to overcome. For spool flow, the valve is relatively easy to close and changes in fluid pressure and flow are less. In addition, the spool flow is easily opened by the fluid pushing the bottom of the spool. Manual shut-off valve can be adjusted as a percentage, linear or fast-open flow characteristics. As explained in detail in Section 2.2, the flow characteristics determine the expected flow rate at a certain point in the valve, expressed as the flow coefficient, CV. In this way, for a certain flow characteristic, the user can determine the flow rate by the straight line position of the handwheel. If the spool head is in the throttle position (between fully open and fully closed), the flow moves toward the flow opening of the seat due to the pressure drop. In the throttled position, the valve head extends slightly into the seat ring to provide a corresponding flow at a particular location for a given flow characteristic. When returned and away from the valve seat, can achieve greater flow. If further extended to the valve seat is formed a smaller flow. As the stream moves through the valve seat, the fluid pressure decreases and the speed increases. After the fluid enters the lower part of the shut-off valve, the flow area increases again and the pressure returns and the flow rate drops. An important design consideration when fluid enters the valve seat or valve spool area is the valve body area. In a rational state, the logistics are free to circulate along the spool and seat, enabling logistics to enter the seat in every direction. If the table area is too narrow in any one area (for example, on the back of a cock), speed may increase resulting in noise and abrasion or turbulence downstream. There are unequal forces acting on the spool head, which can cause slight deflection of the spool head if the spool head is not guided by the seat. When the shut-off valve is closed, the axial force of the handwheel acts on the cock. The force on the spool surface exerts a slight angle of misalignment to the seat ring without allowing any flow through the closure element. In the fully open position, the entire seat area opens for logistics to flow. Retention of process streams in valve body and bonnet by means of a static seal of the end fitting gasket [if using a flange or O-ring adapter (RTJ)]. The dynamic sealing of the bonnet stuffing box prevents the flow of material through the cock slide lever. Depending on the closure requirements of the user, the logistics may or may not be able to adjust the leakage of the closure element itself. This article Keywords: globe valve
Benefits of piglets tail cutting:
1.Save the feed and improve daily gain.
The energy used for pig pendulum tail account for 15% per day.if this part of the energy used for fat deposition, can increase the daily gain of 2% -3%.
2.Reduce the tail bitter.
The emergence of tail bitter, reducing the pig's diet and disease resistance, while vulnerable to infection with necrotic bacteria, staphylococci, streptococcus, etc., pig production performance can be greatly reduced, cutting the tail is effective control of the disease.
3.Reduce piglet mortality.
because it can avoid sows inadvertently suppress the death of piglets tail, piglets cutting the tail, can prevent sows swallow pigtail tail.
4.Improve the carcass quality.
Pig intercostal fat deposition increased after cutting the tail,muscle fibers become delicate, chewing resistivity decreased,palatability increased, while the slaughter rate increased by 4% -5%.
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