A ray of light can be decomposed how many kinds of colors? The highest theoretical value that can be achieved by today's technology is four hundred and twenty thousand. This is exactly what China has recently accomplished in producing a precision optical element, the Ladder Raster. Through their strongest "eyes" of perceived color, Chinese scientists will crack the "identity code" of various substances more accurately and play a significant role in such fields as astronomy observation, laser communications, high-energy lasers, information storage and new energy sources. In a lab at the Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Changchun Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics), the world's largest and most accurate middle-level grating is like a silver-gray, opaque " Glass windows ", mediocre. But when millions of colors are refracted from its body, it resembles the "magic cube" of the universe. The high-precision middle-stepped grating, which is engraved by Changchun Machine, is the grating with the highest accuracy and largest area known in the world at present. Analytical material "identity password" Raster, as the name suggests, is the light of the fence. In fact, there is no "color" in the world. The colors we perceive are only absorbed and reflected on the object and then refracted into our eyes. Visual effects are produced in the human brain according to life experience. Colorful flowers, green fields, yellow gravel ... In the eyes of spectral scientists, all things in the world are emitting different light waves. From a microscopic point of view, different elements, different molecular structure can make an object has a different characteristic wavelength. Therefore, the spectral information of a substance is just like human fingerprints, and it is the "identity code" of analyzing its material composition. "The stronger the grating, the more material components we can analyze, the deeper we can explore the world's mysteries." Project leader Tang Yuguo said that in general, the larger the grating area, the etendue and resolution skills will be the more High; grating the higher the accuracy, the lower the signal to noise ratio. However, at the same time the grating "big" and "fine" is a worldwide problem. The success of the Changchun Institute of Machine Engraved out of the middle of the grating area of ​​400 mm × 500 mm, than the world's most advanced known, used in the United States Keke telescope Hawaii, larger and more sophisticated. With 6,000 grooves in a 1 mm range, the accuracy is a staggering 10 nm.